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John Lewis (died April 1, 1910), better known by his alias Indian or Spanish Louie (Lewis), was an American criminal and member of the Humpty Jackson Gang, serving as the gang leader's longtime lieutenant from around the turn of the 20th century until his murder in either 1900〔Lewis, Alfred Henry. ''The Apaches of New York''. New York: G.W. Dillingham Company, 1912. (pg. 89-116)〕〔Asbury, Herbert. ''The Gangs of New York: An Informal History of the New York Underworld''. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1928. (pg. 247-248) ISBN 1-56025-275-8〕 or 1910.〔Logan, Andy. ''Against the Evidence: The Becker-Rosenthal Affair''. New York: McCall Publishing Company, 1970. (pg. 25)〕〔Fried, Albert. ''The Rise and Fall of the Jewish Gangster in America''. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1980. (pg. 31) ISBN 0-231-09683-6〕 His death was the first recorded use of a drive by shooting as a means of gangland execution in New York City.〔Lardner, James and Thomas Reppetto. ''NYPD: A City and Its Police''. New York: Henry Holt & Co., 2000. (pg. 154) ISBN 978-0-8050-6737-8〕〔Dash, Mike. ''Satan's Circus: Murder, Vice, Police Corruption, and New York's Trial of the Century''. New York: Random House, 2008. (pg. 99-100) ISBN 1-4000-5472-9〕 ==Early years in the New York underworld== John Lewis was born in New York City, although his background remained a mystery to both the underworld and authorities for much of his life. Lewis did not have a criminal record with the New York City Police Department and was one of the few underworld figures to have avoided being "booked" by the famed Central Office despite being investigated for an unsolved homicide. It was the Mulberry Police Precinct that investigated this claim, at the time mostly based on rumor but one which he had admitted to, yet was cleared after finding no evidence to substantiate these claims.〔 He first became known as an up-and-coming thug for hire from the Lower East Side and began frequenting "Big" Jack Zelig's club in Chatham Square around 1900. Lewis was also a regular at Barney Flynn's and Mike Salter's establishments as well as the ''Chatham Club''. He was nicknamed Spanish Louie by friends and associates to distinguish him from the many other East Side gangsters who shared that name. He was also called Indian Louie which was attributed to his ''"dark skin, black eyes, thin lips, high cheek-bones and high curved nose"''. This, along with his penchant for wearing a black sombrero and similarly styled clothing, started the rumor that he had come from South America and was ''"of Spanish or Portuguese extraction"''.〔 It was also said that he had served in the military but these rumors ''"failed to name the regiment or the ship"''.〔 Lewis never confirmed or denied the rumors although he occasionally made vague comments mentioning ''"his noble Spanish and Portuguese forefathers, and also let it be known that the hot blood of Indian chieftains flowed in his veins, and that he had inherited all the vices and none of the virtue of the red man"''. Tall tales of his supposed "feats" were often told in dive bars throughout Chinatown and The Bowery, and the New York Times once described him as ''"big bodied and muscular and could deliver more knockouts with his right than any man his size or double it for that matter"'', but there was always a certain degree of suspicion from his underworld contemporaries. He was never short on money, supposedly having "no fewer than three girls walking the streets for him", but was rarely known to engage in violent crime and his lack of a police record caused some to wonder if his personality was all an act. Sardinia Frank, a Mulberry Bend thug who killed celebrated bouncer "Eat-'em-Up" Jack McManus in 1905, said following his death that ''"he was a bluff; he wasn't th' goods. He went around wit' his hat over his eyes, bulldozin' everybody he could, an' lettin' on to be a hero. An' he's got what heroes get."'' 〔 Lewis was sometimes referred to as "the best shot on the East Side" or "the deadest of dead shots", and he was often seen wearing a brace of Colt revolvers, although there is no record of his ever having used them. There is only one incident in which Lewis displayed his skill when he led a robbery of Valenski's stuss house on Third Avenue near Fourteenth Street. Lewis single-handedly held the customers at bay while his accomplices looted the safe stealing $380 in all. The money was returned two days later, Lewis claiming the robbery was a practical joke, but many thought Lewis had been forced to give back the money by "one high in politics and power" and his reputation suffered because of this belief.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Spanish Louie」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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